Performance of treatment of deeper than the tradition aperture is more superior inferior treatment of dry type deep aperture

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Foreword occupies not complete count, in deep aperture treatment, the 15% ～ that the relevant charge of cutting fluid holds treatment totle drilling cost 20% . Accordingly, of the treatment doing type that comes true not to use cutting liquid or fluid of use minim cutting inferior treatment doing type is deep aperture the significant progress direction of processing technique and research task. Inferior the characteristic that dry type deep aperture machines a system to cut treatment according to deep Kong Zuan, use cutting of completely dry type (do not use cutting liquid completely namely) treatment means is in actual production general very difficult implementation. Because deep Kong Zuan cuts treatment to be machined unlike common turning, milling, it is to be in close undertake below the state, the cutting quantity of heat that unit time place produces is big, the passage that discharge bits is long, cut bits and heat in metal cutting; of not easy and seasonable eduction in addition, cutting tool is support directs in deep aperture treatment a centering that finish and oriented action, oriented piece with because be contacted for long,meet between hole wall squash and produce bigger clash, and cutting fluid (cutting is oily) can be in oriented piece with an oily film is formed between hole wall, rise to lubricate with anti-friction action, if do not have oily film, oriented piece very will fast be worn away and tear off, cause cutting vibration thereby or hit a knife. Accordingly, choose to use a few cutting liquid inferior the actual condition that means of dry type cutting fits deep Kong Jia to be versed in quite. Use inferior program of treatment of dry type cutting basically is to use compress air to undertake discharging bits and refrigeration, fluid of use pulverization cutting undertakes lubricating, its treatment system is main by inside the composition such as mixture shower nozzle of fluid of compressor of drilling machine of platoon bits deep aperture, air, atomizer, gas, its work flow is: Air compressor carries sacrificial vessel to have constant pressure (about 0.

5 ～ 0.

The air of 6MPa) , in exit cent is two, the cutting fluid that gives certain amount through atomizer belt all the way among them forms steam fluid mixture, air encountering is compressed with another in shower nozzle place, when steam fluid mixture carries sprinkler head, be quickened and in the cavity to the device that take energy of life ejective, form fluid of cutting of pulverization of high pressure, high-speed, the passageway between the wall outside passing drill pipe finally and hole wall is conveyed the cutting position of broach, cooling, lubricant cutting tool will cut bits to be blown backward from drill pipe interior. As a result of inferior system of treatment of dry type deep aperture uses pulverization cutting liquid lubricant, cooling cutting tool, with compress air to undertake bits drops in temperature discharging, a large number of loops in overcoming traditional deep Kong Jia to be versed in already use a lot of malady that cutting fluid place brings, reduced cutting fluid to use an amount greatly, ensured again oriented piece with inside between aperture surface, face of knife of cutting tool around and cut the cutting fluid between bits lubricant layer, at the same time cutting fluid issues absorption of heat in pulverization condition lubricant and sufficient, even, can develop action; to use successive compression better air platoon bits can increase the space that discharge bits already (opposite at using high-pressured oily) , can rapid will cut bits to be blown from cutting area, shortened cut bits to conduct heat time, can take partial quantity of heat directly, dropped cutting area temperature. Inferior the designs deep Kong Zuan to cut cutting tool design development of broach of dry type deep aperture is successful implementation inferior one of crucial techniques that dry type deep aperture processes, affect the stability of whole treatment system and reliability directly, be success of deep aperture treatment is important assure. The geometrical parameter of cutting tool to cutting tool suffer it is force, important to break quality of surface of bits, durability, treatment to wait for a move action; and cutting tool material a move such as the endophilicity of life of the cutting efficiency to cutting tool, work, cutting tool and workpiece is decisive influence. Inferior the cutting character that dry type deep aperture machines and conventional deep aperture treatment are distinguished somewhat, because this is opposite,the design requirement of deep aperture broach also has its specialty. (1) inferior because deep Kong Qie cuts treatment,dry type deep aperture machines the requirement ① to cutting tool is to be in close undertake below condition, do not have refrigeration of circular cutting oil, lubricant cutting tool again, undertake quantity of heat is exchanged, cutting area temperature is accordingly higher, this must have higher intensity, hardness and good hear resistance, red rigid and impact resistance with respect to material of requirement razor blade, at the same time cutting tool and cut the coefficient of friction between bits to answer as far as possible small. ② is in deep aperture treatment, the passageway discharging bits of cutting tool is longer, cut bits not easy and smooth eduction, discharge bits to using air inferior treatment doing type, this one issue is more outstanding. Mix to make sure a bits is smooth come loose quickly hot, must increase the export that discharge bits, reduce wind resistance, accelerate the rate that discharge bits, shorten the retention period that cut bits. ③ inferior treatment of dry type deep aperture is used compress air to discharge bits and pulverization cutting fluid to cool, because this cuts bits figure cannot too wide too long. Jam to prevent to cut bits, had better be to form petty " C " model the; that cut bits breaks away from knife face more quickly to make cut bits, cutting tool and the interface that cut bits should not be too big, can use the blade that divide bits for this or break bits measure compulsively. When to ask in the light of above, we undertake finish compose is analysed and optimize a design to cutting tool, make its satisfy treatment requirement of the system. (Of structure of 2) cutting tool choose reach the type that optimizes design deep aperture to machine cutting tool to basically divide the platoon outside be bits and inside platoon bits two kinds. Platoon bits means is used at gun getting system outside, suit to machine small diameter (general φ <20mm) is deep aperture. Bits means is discharged inside commonly used suck at BTA system, gush get system and DF system. Gush absorbs the effect that gets system and DF system identical, but because gush is sucked,get construction of system more complex, the space that discharge bits gets the limitation of double drill pipe, use because this is current lesser already. DF system basically uses the twin plant that receive oil to undertake pushing to cutting bits, absorb double effect, make its smooth eduction. When the result that discharge bits is same, can reduce sealed pressure, raise treatment precision. Cent of broach of BTA deep aperture ages for sheet and age more two kinds, the bore diameter limits with odd tine applicable cutting tool is φ 25mm of 6 ～ φ , much tine cutting tool suits to machine bigger diameter (φ 25mm above) deep aperture. In this experiment, we chose broach of BTA sheet tine. On broach structure design, considering inferior the characteristic that dry type deep aperture machines, aged undertake be optimizinged partly designing on the foundation of broach in traditional BTA sheet, basically reflect in the following: Nextpage ① increases the clearance H(between cutter hub and hole wall to receive gas clearance namely appropriately) in order to reduce wind resistance, make compress air and pulverization fluid to be able to arrive at cutting area quickly to undertake lubricate and cooling. ② increases cutting tool to discharge bits mouth appropriately, the degree of lip-rounding that discharge bits becomes awl model, make cut bits to enter the passageway that discharge bits can fast and smoothly, block bits; up not easily to be in point of the entry that discharge bits to form at the same time " gush absorbs effect " , increase the rate that discharge bits. ③ grow in quantity divides bits blade, broaden breaks bits desk, implementation is divided compulsively bits and break bits, make the narrow that cut bits is reached break off easily, conduce to a platoon bits and medicinal powder hot. Also undertook in respect of angle of cutting tool geometry a few improve, main show is: ① increases O of γ of the horn before edge appropriately, in order to reduce face of the knife before cutting tool and the osculatory area that cut bits, safeguard compresses air and pulverization cutting fluid to be able to enter cutting area adequately to undertake cooling lubricating to cutting tool. As a result of inside blade basically bears in cutting axial extruding force, to increase inside blade intensity, can increase appropriately inside the horn before blade. ② increases O of α of the horn after edge appropriately, face of the knife after be being provided in order to reduce a knife and already machined the attrition between the surface, also make cutting tool cuts work more easily, can reduce cutting tool to wear away, raise cutting tool durability. ③ increases bits stage width and round horn radius, lengthen cuts bits curly be out of shape time, reduce cut bits and before the attrition of knife face and cut bits to be opposite the wallop of bits protruding stage, make cut bits to had flowed smoothly to break bits desk, in transfer round part part increases one part to add be out of shape, make material loses a few plasticity, curve a top after all next, be out of shape again below curved rules effect, break bits finally, can reduce so cut bits to be out of shape, make force of wallop of heat in metal cutting, cutting, attrition produce a change, control cuts bits to form petty " C " model eduction. (Of material of 3) razor blade choose the cutting tool data that is used at doing type to machine at present a lot of, if exceed all sorts of fine grain hard alloy, CBN, PCD, pottery and porcelain and cermet, coating horniness cutting tool to wait, but these cutting tool material apply in common dry type turning and dry type milling only mostly. At present home is added in deep aperture use in labour more basically is to solder broach of type deep aperture, material of its razor blade basically uses homebred razor blade to wait like YD15, YG8, YW1, YT726, YT798, the chemical composition of these material and physical function each are not identical, suitable scope also has distinction. We try to experiment to be singled out from which through cutting suit quite inferior the bit data that dry type deep aperture processes. Adoption cutting tries proved recipe case to be: With the broach of material of afore-mentioned 5 kinds of razor blade, 45 steel are processed respectively below the condition that is the same as in cutting tool structure and geometrical parameter homogeneous phase (HRC28) of tone qualitative hardness, detect be in inferior do type cutting condition to lay each cutting tool suffer force to reach the position that cut bits, wear extent of face of the knife after measuring cutting tool, inside aperture surface quality, single out what suit to process 45 steel most inferior material of dry type cutting tool. Adoption cutting experiment requirement is: Machine bore diameter: 20.

2mm, workpiece length: 1000mm, v=800r/min of main shaft rotate speed, f=0 of feed of cutting tool axial.

01mm/r, cutting fluid: German Aaron this emulsion 5. Wear out condition can see face of the knife after the tine outside be being expected by all sorts of knife sheet the cutting function of deep aperture broach is reached, in the deep aperture broach that expects in material of these 5 kinds of razor blade, of YD15 hind knife face wears away the value is the least, axial force, torque and inside aperture surface surface roughness is worth the smallest also; is YG8 next. Report gives YD15 razor blade to have taller hear resistance and good wearability, treatment stability and treatment quality are good. Accordingly, YD15 suits 45 steel quite kind of workpiece material inferior the treatment effect of;YG8 of treatment of dry type deep aperture differs a few; a bit relatively and other because a few kinds of material wear away more serious, do not suit inferior treatment of dry type deep aperture. Test result and function of cutting tool material also compare be identical: YD15 red rigid good, wearability good, bending strength is high, suit to process data of high temperature alloy especially. In addition, can see from inside machining a process, inferior the result discharging bits of system of treatment of dry type deep aperture is favorable, happen without the phenomenon that block bits up almost, and the temperature cutting bits of eduction is inferior (without) of the feeling that burn heat, show silvery white, explain pulverization and cooling result are favorable, can satisfy inferior the requirement that dry type deep aperture machines. Inferior treatment of dry type deep aperture and the function that traditional deep Kong Jia is versed in are analysed through afore-mentioned experiments quite, can decide material of YD15 razor blade suits medium carbon steel quite inferior treatment of dry type deep aperture. But, its treatment function and cutting tool durability and wet deep Kong Jia is versed in whether photograph comparing has a difference, will be inferior skill of work of dry type deep Kong Jia whether the key that wins promotion application. For this, we undertook a comparative cutting experiments, be versed in in traditional deep Kong Jia the condition falls namely, use bit of deep aperture of YD15 and YG8 (parameter of cutting tool geometry is identical) get the 45 steel work that cuts same length (V=800r/min, f=0.

01mm/r, 10# mechanical oil is cooling and lubricant) . By each surveys test data can be seen, when be being machined with traditional method, of cutting tool hind knife face wears away and cutting force all is compared in inferior want below condition of treatment doing type small, this makes clear inferior the cutting tool when dry type is machined and workpiece, cutting tool and when cutting the attrition force between bits to be machined than the tradition bigger, namely the lubricant performance of cutting fluid is poorer, this and use cutting liquid are concerned. Inferior what use in treatment doing type is water radical emulsion (oily) of cutting of excel of its pulverization sex, and what use in conventional treatment is cutting oil (its lubricity is better) . This also is us the research henceforth determined direction, need to find a kind to have good pulverization sex already namely, have the cutting liquid of better lubricity again. Additional, difference of two kinds of cutting tool wear extent that machine means not very big, the specification is in inferior dry type also can assure certain cutting tool durability below condition of deep aperture treatment. The test specimen that will machine with two kinds of means undertakes detecting after sliver, hardness of surface of the aperture inside discovery does not have difference almost, and inferior of treatment doing type inside watch of aperture surface surface roughness is small, namely exterior quality is better. This also explains in inferior in treatment of dry type deep aperture, inside the cooling result of aperture surface is favorable, cutting temperature is not high. In addition, because used the emulsion of special recipe, it is certain to have be able to bear or endure extruding effect, because of this broach oriented piece did not appear tear off wear away, also assured inside aperture surface machines quality. Conclusion passes afore-mentioned cutting experiments and the contrast to the result to analyse, if make conclusions,can reach: (1) place designs inferior dry type deep aperture processes a system but better finish deep Kong Jia industry procedure, can get satisfactory treatment result, have fair actual application value. (2) is versed in through to a few kinds commonly used deep Kong Jia the cutting of cutting tool material experiments, decided in inferior below means of treatment of dry type deep aperture, YD15 material suits to process 45 steel quite kind workpiece material, have better treatment effect. To other workpiece material, also can find applicable cutting tool material through experiment method. (3) works through be opposite, wet the cutting function experiment of the cutting tool below means of two kinds of treatment and analysis, can see inferior treatment of dry type deep aperture can achieve taller cutting tool durability and better treatment result. (4) is aimed at inferior the cutting tool in treatment of dry type deep aperture wears away bigger question, also can use microtherm air cooling or add the method with oily cooling fluid, in order to improve refrigeration and lubricant result, reduce cutting tool to wear away. CNC Milling CNC Machining